Effects of sleep deprivation on liver circadian clock gene expression in rats / 军事医学

Objective To investigate the effects of 72 h sleep deprivation(SD)on circadian clock gene expression in the rat liver.Methods Twelve rats were randomly divided into control group and SD group.An SD instrument was used to deprive the rats′sleep for 72 h.Then the abdominal cavity was exposed to obtain liver,and the expression of clock genes was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis, respectively.Results Compared with the control group, the mRNA levels of clock,npas2 and rev-erbαstrikingly decreased in the livers of the SD group rats.However,per1,per2 and rorαmRNA levels obviously increased.bmal1 and cry1 mRNA expression hardly changed in the control and SD groups. Meanwhile,the protein levels of liver BMAL1,CLOCK,NPAS2,CRY1 and REV-ERBαwere significantly down-regulated and PER1,PER2 and RORαprotein levels were up-regulated in SD group compared with control group.Conclusion 72 h SD can result in abnormal expressions of several circadian clock genes in the rat liver at both transcriptional and translational levels.

Regulations of insulin on syndecan-1 expression, cellular permeability and proliferation in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To investigate the effects of insulin on syndecan-1 expression, cellular permeability and proliferation in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. <p>METHODS: Cells were treated with 100nmol/L and 1 000nmol/L insulin for 48h respectively. Expression of protein and mRNA were detected by western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cellular proliferation and permeability were examined by methods of methylthiazolyl tetrazolium and horseradish peroxidase. <p>RESULTS: With treatment of insulin, protein and mRNA of syndecan-1 both increased obviously, and the effect of high level insulin was more significant. After treated with insulin, cellular proliferation and permeability both enhanced, and the effects of high level insulin were stronger. <p>CONCLUSION: Insulin can up-regulate syndecan-1 protein and mRNA in cultured human retinal microvascular endothelial cells, and increase cellular permeability and proliferation.

Effects of sleep deprivation on spleen circadian clock gene expression in rats / 军事医学

Objective To investigate the effects of 72 h sleep deprivation (SD) on circadian clock gene expression in the rat spleen.Methods The rats were randomly divided into control group and SD group.An SD instrument was used to deprive the rats of sleep for 72 h.Then the lymphocytes from the spleen were obtained by Ficoll seperation medium before the expression of clock genes was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis respectively.Results Compared with the control group,the mRNA levels of bmal1,clock,per2 and rev-erbα strikingly decreased in the spleens of the SD group rats.However,npas2,per1,rorα and cry1 mRNA expression hardly changed in the control and SD group.Meanwhile,the protein levels of spleen BMAL1,NPAS2,CRY1 and RORα were significantly down-regulated and PER1 protein levels were up-regulated in SD group compared with control group.However REV-ERBα protein expression remained unchanged in the control and SD group.Conclusion 72 h SD can result in abnormal expressions of several circadian clock genes in lymphocytes of the spleen at both transcription and translation levels.

Forensic clinical analysis on 25 cases of traumatic cerebral infarction / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate characteristics of forensic clinical identification on traumatic cerebral infarction(TCI).@*METHODS@#Twenty-five cases of TCI were analyzed retrospectively, including the general situation, location of infarction and clinical feature.@*RESULTS@#TCI occurred primarily in children and elderly. All the cases had definite cerebral trauma which was located mainly in the regions of basal ganglia-internal capsule, frontal, temporal and parietal cerebral cortex.@*CONCLUSION@#The consequence of TCI has direct correlation with location of cerebral infarction. More attention should be paid to this issue in forensic practice.

Comparison of four imaging examinations of shoulder joint injury in forensic expertise / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the value of four imaging examinations, including the X-ray, CT, MRI and gas-iodine double contrast CT analyses, in the forensic expertise of shoulder joint injury.@*METHODS@#Imaging data of shoulder joint injury, by the X-ray, CT, MRI and gas-iodine double contrast CT were retrieved and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The correct diagnosis rates of fracture and soft tissue injury by X-ray, CT and MRI were 52.8%, 72.0% and 63.2%, as well as 0.0%, 32.9% and 82.5%, respectively. The correct diagnosis rate of soft tissue injury by gas-iodine double contrast CT was 100%.@*CONCLUSION@#X-ray is a useful screening method, CT is better for diagnosis of fracture, and MRI is fit for diagnosis of soft tissue injury. Gas-iodine double contrast CT can reflect not only the soft tissue injury but also its severity. Thus, combined application of X-ray, CT, MRI and gas-iodine double contrast CT can provide important imaging information for forensic expertise in shoulder joint injury.

Effects of triptolide on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of rats / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects of triptolide on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) of rats in light of morphological and functional changes.@*METHODS@#Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were randomized into 3 groups and given 2% propylene glycol, mixture of propylene glycol and prednisone acetate or compounds of propylene glycol and triptolide by gavage, respectively, for consecutive 7 weeks. Determination in the 3 groups was conducted concerning the contents of blood plasma cortisol (COR), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) besides measurement of the rats' body weight, coefficient of the adrenal gland and observation of the histopathological changes in fascicular zone of adrenal cortex. Immunohistochemical staining technique was used to detect the expression of ACTH in pituitary in the 3 groups.@*RESULTS@#(1) The content of COR in the groups of triptolide and prednisone acetate appeared lower and serum ACTH showed no significant difference, but CRH in the group of triptolide was augmented as compared with the control group (P < 0.05). (2) The rats' weight in the groups of triptolide and prednisone acetate was declined, and yet, the coefficient of the adrenal gland remained no significant change in comparison with the controls. HE staining and electron microscopy examination revealed thinned and constricted zona fasciculata in adrenal gland in the rats of triptolide and prednisone acetate, with hypofunction. ACTH expression in the group of triptolide was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Morphologically and functionally, the findings suggest that long-term use of triptolide may result in atrophied cortex and hypofunction of the adrenal gland, leading to augmented production and secretion of CRH and ACTH from respective hypothalamic and pituitary.

The value of TNFalpha testing in evaluation of death due to drug anaphylactic shock / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the changes of the serum TNFalpha level in cadavers of drug anaphylactic shock(DAS) and to explore the significance of the TNFalpha testing in evaluation of death caused by DAS.@*METHODS@#The level of serum TNFalpha from cardiac blood was determined by double antibody-sandwich ELISA method.@*RESULTS@#The level of TNFalpha in the experimental group was (131.6+/-9.4) pg/mL, while the level in the infectious diseases control group and the normal control group were (87.3+/-6.4) pg/mL and (17.2+/-4.5) pg/mL, respectively. There was statistically significant difference among the groups (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The serum TNFalpha level may be used as one of the indexes for evaluation of death caused by highly suspected drug anaphylactic shock.

The pathological observation of acute intoxication by Alangium Chinese in mice / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the pathological change of mice organ intoxicated by Alangium Chinese and its poisoning mechanism.@*METHODS@#Mice were intoxicated by gavage with extract of Alangium Chinese. Then the histopathologic examination was made for evaluating the pathological changes in the organs of the poisoned mice by HE staining.@*RESULTS@#The main pathological changes included alveolar hemorrhage, pulmonary interstitial hemorrhage, sinus hepaticus expansion and congestion, hepatocyte edema, subarachnoid hemorrhage, congestion and hemorrhage of other organs.@*CONCLUSION@#The main target organs or tissue of Alangium Chinese are the lungs, liver and vascular smooth muscle. There is correlation between the toxic effect and the dosage.

Apoptosis in myocardial cells after macleaya cordata total alkaloids poisoning in rats / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe pathological changes and apoptosis in rats myocardial cells after Macleaya cordata total alkaloids poisoning, and to provide some references for Macleaya cordata total alkaloids poisoning detection.@*METHODS@#An experimental model of Macleaya cordata total alkaloids poisoning was established, and the technology of TUNEL staining was used.The results were analyzed by computer image analysis competitive system.@*RESULTS@#Quantities of apoptosis in myocardial cells in poisoning groups were much more than those in the control groups at different tages (P<0.01). In addition the quantities of apoptosis were different after different poisoning duration.@*CONCLUSION@#Although clinical symptoms was not obvious and could not be detected by poison analysis. Pathological changes induced by Macleaya cordata total alkaloids could be found through the apoptosis detection.

The expression of Bcl-2 protein on acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion and the significance in forensic pathology / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To search the objective morphologic evidence for the forensic pathological diagnosis on the acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion.@*METHODS@#The expression of Bcl-2 protein in the early stage of acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) in rats were studyed with immunohistochemistry.@*RESULTS@#There was no expression of Bcl-2 protein in control group. The expression of Bcl-2 protein began to increase in myocytes 0.5 h after I/R in the ischemic areas and the expression of Bcl-2 protein in inner layer was stronger than in outer layer. The expression of Bcl-2 protein appears firstly in the inner layer of myocardium and extended gradually toward the outer layer 1 h after I/R. It was found that the expression of Bcl-2 protein in outer layer was stronger than in inner layer, then the expression of Bcl-2 protein became weaken gradually.@*CONCLUSION@#Bcl-2 gene may be an important regulative gene in the process of apoptosis and the changes observed in this paper might be useful for the forensic pathological diagnosis on the early myocardial ischemia.

A study on the expression of C-FOS protein after experimental rat brain concussion / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the relationship between expression of C-FOS protein and brain concussion and find a sensitive marker of diagnosis of the brain concussion.@*METHODS@#Fifty-five rats were randomly divided into brain concussion groups and control group. The expression of C-FOS protein was microscopically observed by immunohistochemical method.@*RESULTS@#There were negative expression of C-FOS protein in control group. In brain concussion group, however, positive expression of C-FOS protein in some neurons was seen at 15 min after brain concussion, and reach to the peak at 6 h after brain concussion, then decreased gradually.@*CONCLUSION@#These findings suggest that detection of C-FOS protein could be an index of diagnosis of brain concussion and a sensitive marker of timing of injury after brain concussion.